He was a French nobleman and a prominent chemist, who revolutionized chemistry and the history of biology as we know it today. Robert Andrews Millikan was born in Morrison, Illinois (USA) on March 22, 1868. He had gained a vast majority of his income through buying shares in the General Farm. [18], When Einstein published his seminal 1905 paper on the particle theory of light, Millikan was convinced that it had to be wrong, because of the vast body of evidence that had already shown that light was a wave. In April 1957, he signed a declaration , together with 17 German physicists, that they would never participate in the construction of nuclear weapons. The treatment is lucid and brings out in clear relief not only the activities of the man himself but of those, and there are many, with whom he has associated and collaborated in the fields of teaching, research, and administration. [25], A religious man and the son of a minister, in his later life Millikan argued strongly for a complementary relationship between Christian faith and science. To cite this section He is particularly well known for his highly accurate determination of the charge of an electron via his classic oil drop experiment. Pupin instilled in Millikan the importance of experimental precision and also encouraged him to spend a year abroad after he received his Ph.D. in physics in 1895, even going so far as to loan him the funds to make this possible. Franklin contends that Millikan's exclusions of data do not affect the final value of the charge obtained, but that Millikan's substantial "cosmetic surgery" reduced the statistical error. Antoine Lavoisier was born in Paris, France on August 26, 1793, to a wealthy family of nobility. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Know about the life, family, education, career as a scientist and death of the Father of Nuclear Physics through these 10 interesting facts. Millikan RA, Neher HV. Small electrically charged drops of oil were suspended between two metal plates where they were subjected to the downward force of gravity and the upward attraction of an electrical field. James Chadwick Facts. He died in Munich Germany, in 1976 at the age of 74. Robert Millikan was the sole recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1923 for both his work in this classic experiment and his research in the photoelectric effect. During his undergraduate course his favourite subjects were Greek and mathematics; but after his graduation in 1891 he took, for two years, a teaching post in elementary physics. Look for popular awards and laureates in different fields, and discover the history of the Nobel Prize. Millikan was an enthusiastic tennis player, and golf was also one of his recreations. Lavoisier published a textbook titled Trait lmentaire de chimie in 1789. Ignorance, Mean, Humility. In 1923, he was awarded Nobel Prize for Physics due to his notable work on photoelectric effect and measurement of the elementary electronic charge. Shortly after completing his high school education he took a job as a stenographer in one of the sawmills. In 1909 Robert Andrew Millikan set up an apparatus to measure the charge of an electron within an accuracy range of 3%. Photo: Hulton Archive/Getty Images. (3) drop experiment is graceful, simple, and ingenious. Robert Andrews Millikan married Greta Ervin Blanchard in 1902. 22, 1868. Here's what happened", "Pomona to rename Millikan Laboratory, citing Robert A. Millikan's eugenics promotion", "Confronting a racist past, Caltech will excise names of eugenics backers from campus", "Caltech Approves New Names for Campus Assets and Honors", "Millikan Middle School is renamed Louis D. Amstrong Middle School", "After renewed cry for change, LBUSD reconvenes committee to examine school names", "Push On To Rename Schools, Including In Long Beach", "Nominations for Renaming the Robert A. Millikan Medal", Works by or about Robert Andrews Millikan, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Andrews_Millikan&oldid=1140785666. Millikan was an accomplished scholar, a successful organizer of research, but also good at getting publicity for the institute's research. Home-life . Millikan spent a significant amount of time in his early years at Chicago trying to establish a solid physics curriculum, for the field of physics was then in its initial stages of development in America. 53: 855-861. 9. One century after his death, a statue of Lavoisier was erected in Paris. The experiment starts with two metal plates, an x-ray Thus source, and an atomizer. On the instigation of his professors, Millikan spent a year (1895-1896) in Germany, at the Universities of Berlin and Gttingen. Aries 2. Robert Andrews Millikan was a prominent American physicist who made lasting contributions to both pure science and science education. Images for kids Heisenberg in 1924 The photoelectric effect had puzzled physicists, but Einstein described the energy of the ejected electron as equal to hf - , where h is Plancks constant, f is the frequency of the light, and is a property of the metal called the work function. After working for a short time as a court reporter, he entered Oberlin College (Ohio) in 1886. 2010-11-10 23:53:20. The fastest speed recorded was 550 miles per hour or 885 kilometer per hour. Robert Andrews Millikan passed away on December 19th, in 1953. One of Millikans most significant research projects began around 1907, when he decided that there must be a method of more accurately determining the charge of an electron than those already in use. To support our blog and writers we put affiliate links and advertising on our page. At this moment, August 22, 1938, the principles of representative ballot government, such as are represented by the governments of the Anglo-Saxon, French, and Scandinavian countries, are in deadly conflict with the principles of despotism, which up to two centuries ago had controlled the destiny of man throughout practically the whole of recorded history. Millikan made several ham-fisted attempts to lure Einstein to Caltech in the 1930s (Millikan was president there), arguing that without his experiment, Einstein would be nothing (never mind all of . In 1913, the U.S. National Academy of Sciences bestowed Millikan with Comstock Prize in Physics. He particularly majored in molecular physics, electricity, and optics. After reviewing Millikan's association with the eugenics movement, the college administration voted in October 2020 to rename the building as the Ms. Mary Estella Seaver and Mr. Carlton Seaver Laboratory. We know that Joyce W Millikan and Judith Campbell Vanderbilt also lived at this address, perhaps within a different time frame. At first Millikan only made minor adjustments to the other method, but soon discovered a way of observing one water droplet at a time, a tremendous step forward. Two years later, in 1895, Millikan earned his physics doctorate at the Columbia University. - Millikan graduated from Oberlin College in 1891 - He recivied his doctorate at Columbia University in 1895 Born in Morrison, Ill. March 22, 1868, - Dec. 19, 1953 His Theory :
. Shortly before his death he published Electrons (+ and ), Protons, Photons, Neutrons, Mesotrons, and Cosmic Rays (1947; another rev. At Maquoketa High School, Millikan was an excellent student. [33], On account of Millikan's affiliation with the Human Betterment Foundation, in January 2021, the Caltech Board of Trustees authorized removal of Millikan's name (and the names of five other historical figures affiliated with the Foundation), from campus buildings. He liked cars and his hobby was playing golf Ernest Rutherford was his love for cars and golf in his spare time. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2023. If the reactionary principles of despotism triumph now and in the future, the future history of mankind will repeat the sad story of war and oppression as in the past. The results suggested that the charge on the droplets is a multiple of the elementary electric charge, but the experiment was not accurate enough to be convincing. He is particularly well known for his highly accurate determination of the charge of an electron via his classic oil drop experiment. He explained that each element on the periodic table had chemical properties that were determined by the number and behavior of their electrons. amerikai ksrleti fizikus, aki 1923 -ban elnyerte a fizikai Nobel-djat az elektron tltsnek megmrsrt, s a fotoeffektussal kapcsolatos munkjrt. Although Lavoisier is widely known for his contributions to the sciences, he was also a dedicated Humanitarian. In 1946 he retired from this post. This issue has been discussed by Allan Franklin,[17] a former high-energy experimentalist and current philosopher of science at the University of Colorado. Millikan's interesting facts are that he aided the USA in WW1 by creating anti-submarine technology. After graduating from Oberlin College in Ohio (1891) -where he particularly enjoyed studying Greek and mathematics- he did two courses in elementary physics, which awakened his interest in this discipline. [40] In February 2022, the Board of Education for the Los Angeles Unified School District voted unanimously to rename the school in honor of musician Louis Armstrong.[41]. His mother had been dean of women at a Michigan college before she relocated to Illinois and his father was a Congregational minister. Corrections? [26][27][28][29] He dealt with this in his Terry Lectures at Yale in 192627, published as Evolution in Science and Religion. Robert Millikan Fun Facts : - Won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for his study of the elementary electronic charge and the photoelectric effect. He led a rural existence in childhood, attending the Maquoketa High School (Iowa). What is #1. In 1771 at age 28, he marriedMarie-Anne Pierrette Paulze, the 13-year-old daughter of a senior member of theFerme gnrale. Here are the top 10 unbelievable facts about him. Robert Millikan, an American physicist, was born Mar. By allowing the droplets to fall, Millikan was able to calculate the mass of the droplets. For more than a century, these academic institutions have worked independently to select Nobel Prize laureates. Robert Andrews Millikan (March 22, 1868 - December 19, 1953) was an American experimental physicist honored with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for the measurement of the elementary electric charge and for his work on the photoelectric effect. A few years later, in 1907, Robert Andrews Millikan earned his promotion and became an associate professor. The Robert A. Millikan Library has been renamed Caltech Hall. During the mid to late 20th century, several colleges had named buildings, physical features, awards, and professorships in honor of Robert Millikan. F.A.Q. Stratton (1898); Mechanics, Molecular Physics, and Heat (1902); The Theory of Optics,with C.R. There he undertook a major study of the radiation that the physicist Victor Hess had detected coming from outer space. Millikan thought his cosmic ray photons were the "birth cries" of new atoms continually being created to counteract entropy and prevent the heat death of the universe. He had suffered a heart attack leading to his death at the age of 85. In line with this, he made a huge name for himself after successfully measuring the elementary charge in 1910. In 1921 Millikan left the University of Chicago to become director of the Norman Bridge Laboratory of Physics at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in Pasadena, California. In his last two years at the school, Lavoisier developed a big interest in science, and he studied mathematics, astronomy, botany, and chemistry. NobelPrize.org. Robert Millikan is notorious for an infamous remark that he used all his data when in fact he had used a selection. Wed. 1 Mar 2023. Months later, the Royal Society of London bestowed him with the Hughes Medal. Robert Andrews Millikan (March 22, 1868 December 19, 1953) was an American experimental physicist honored with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for the measurement of the elementary electric charge and for his work on the photoelectric effect. Millikan stories as "canned" pedagogy. 10. Robert Millikan synonyms, Robert Millikan pronunciation, Robert Millikan translation, English dictionary definition of Robert Millikan. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. He also wrote numerous scientific journals in his life, making him an author with many journals to show for himself. [4][5] He also served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as Society for Science & the Public, from 1921 to 1953. He began by measuring the course of charged water droplets in an electric field. An interesting sidelight on Millikan's experience in the First World War was the fact that hethe leading civilian scientistwas urged, and consented, to accept a commission in the Army Signal . Robert Andrews Millikan was born in Morrison, Illinois. Robert Andrews Millikan. Robert Millikan Gender Male Musician External Links Shop Also Known As Bob Millikan Bob Milliken CREDITS Broadway Special Events Dames at Sea (Oct 22, 2015 - Jan 03, 2016) Trumpets: Robert Millikan Musical Comedy Original Nice Work If You Can Get It (Apr 24, 2012 - Jun 15, 2013) Trumpet: Robert Millikan Musical Comedy Original Wiki User. [31] A more controversial belief of his was eugenics he was one of the initial trustees of the Human Betterment Foundation and praised San Marino, California for being "the westernmost outpost of Nordic civilization [with] a population which is twice as Anglo-Saxon as that existing in New York, Chicago, or any of the great cities of this country. J. J. Thomson had already discovered the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron. 100. Robert Millikan House is located in Los Angeles County of California state. He was a French nobleman and a prominent chemist, who revolutionized chemistry and the history of biology as we know it today. [14], The elementary charge is one of the fundamental physical constants, and accurate knowledge of its value is of great importance. Lavoisier later joined the school of law, where he graduated with a Bachelors degree in 1763. In 1921 Millikan left the University of Chicago to become director of the Norman Bridge Laboratory of Physics at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in Pasadena, California. In 1935, James Chadwick was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his groundbreaking discovery of the neutron. His 1788 publication with his colleagues was honored by a Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award from the Division of History of Chemistry of the American Chemical Society in 2015. Starting in 1908, while a professor at the University of Chicago, Millikan worked on an oil-drop experiment in which he measured the charge on a single electron. [45], In 1902 he married Greta Ervin Blanchard (1876-1955). Robert Andrews Millikan was born on March 22nd, 1868 in Morrison, Illinois. Although at the time of Millikan's oil-drop experiments it was becoming clear that there exist such things as subatomic particles, not everyone was convinced. Robert Millikan was born in Illinois on March 22, 1868. He enrolled at Maquoketa High School for his early education. This page was last modified on 6 February 2023, at 06:17. In 1910, Millikan conceived a now-famous experiment to determine the charge on an electron. He recognized and named oxygen (1778) and hydrogen(1783), and opposed thephlogiston theory. She acted as his laboratory companion and contributed to his work. Robert lived in 1850, at address, Pennsylvania. The coordinates that you can use in navigation applications to get to find Robert Millikan House quickly are 34.12675 ,-118.1199274 That this is somewhat lower than the modern value of 1.602 176 53(14) x 1019 coulomb is probably due to Millikan's use of an inaccurate value for the viscosity of air.[15][16]. Facts about Robert Millikan tell you about the American experimental physicist. This answer is: Study guides. Robert married Queen Victoria Millikan (born McBurney) in 1861, at age 22 at marriage place, Pennsylvania. His skills in these areas were as strong as his experimental skills, a fact that helped him make Caltech a haven for many of the top scientific minds in the world. His mother died when he was three years old, so his very loving father raised him. While this would still have resulted in Millikan's having measured the charge of e better than anyone else at the time, the slightly larger uncertainty might have allowed more disagreement with his results within the physics community, which Millikan likely tried to avoid. The textbook was translated into English within the first year of its publication. His father was a prominent lawyer in Paris, while his mother was a rich woman who brought a substantial amount of money as her wedding dowry. The book represents the synthesis of Lavoisiers contribution to chemistry. Lavoisier was forcefully removed from his post on the gun powder commission. Robert Andrews Millikan (1868-1953) was the 1923 Nobel laureate in physics, and one of the foremost American physicists of the last century. His personal belongings were delivered to his widow, with a brief note that read To the widow of Lavoisier, who was falsely convicted. The Nobel Prize in Physics 1923, Died: 19 December 1953, San Marino, CA, USA, Affiliation at the time of the award: He died in Pasadena on December 19, 1953, having admirably spent his life attempting to abide by his own personal philosophy, which, as he described it, was to start building on my own account that better world for which I pray.. What are comets made of? After World War I, Planck encouraged his fellow scientists to ignore the turbulence of politics to focus on the greater importance of their . Upon his return form Europe, Millikan accepted a position as assistant to Albert Michelson at the University of Chicagos Ryerson Laboratory. How old was Robert when he died? Ernest Rutherford lived from the 30th of August 1871 to the 19th of October 1937. Robert Millikan, in full Robert Andrews Millikan, (born March 22, 1868, Morrison, Illinois, U.S.died December 19, 1953, San Marino, California), American physicist honoured with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for his study of the elementary electronic charge and the photoelectric effect. He cared deeply about peoples welfare and he spent his time and money trying to improve peoples standard of living. Millikan graduated from Oberlin College in 1891 and obtained his doctorate at Columbia University in 1895.
. With her husband, Pierre, the . Bowen IS, Millikan RA, Neher HV. Millikan was honored with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for his measurement of the elementary electronic charge and for his work on the photoelectric effect. Sir James Chadwick, CH, FRS (October 20, 1891 to July 24, 1974) was an English physicist. By carefully carrying out this process over and over again, he clearly demonstrated that the overall electric charge on a droplet was always a whole-number multiple of a particular value (the charge on a single electron), which he calculated to be about 1.592 10(E-19) coulomb. After the War, Millikan contributed to the works of the League of Nations' Committee on Intellectual Cooperation (from 1922, in replacement to George E. Hale, to 1931), with other prominent researchers (Marie Curie, Albert Einstein, Hendrik Lorentz, etc.). Besides working as a physician assistant, he also wrote some books including A College Course in Physics -1898, Mechanics, Molecular Physics, and Heat -1902, and First Course in Physics 1906. He obtained his masters degree in 1893. Robert will celebrate 71st birthday on April 4. Quick Facts Current occupation is listed as Executive, Administrative, and Managerial Occupations. Once he determined the voltage needed to achieve this suspension for a particular droplet as well as the mass of the droplet, Millikan was capable of successfully calculating its overall electric charge. He coined the term "cosmic rays" to describe radiation of extraterrestrial origins. He came from a family of less means, finance and a large family. He enjoyed Golf and tennis! Robert Millikan - wanted to get smarted so he decided to research the charge of the electron - Wrote and co-wrote texts in the physics field - received his PhD in 1895 - sophomore year in college at Oberlin- asked to teach a physics class - Maquoketa High School (in Iowa) James Chadwick Atom Model covers 1891-1974 discovered the neutron Throughout his life Millikan remained a prolific author, making numerous contributions to scientific journals. In 1946 he retired from his professorship and chairmanship at Caltech. He was an American physicist who won a Nobel Prize in physics in 1923. Photo by Metropolitan Museum of Art from Wikimedia. Robert Andrews Millikan (March 22, 1868 - December 19, 1953) was an American experimental physicist honored with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for the measurement of the elementary electric charge and for his work on the photoelectric effect . During World War I, Millikan was Vice-Chairman of the National Research Council, playing a major part in developing anti-submarine and meteorological devices. Tasked with a mission to manage Alfred Nobel's fortune and hasultimate responsibility for fulfilling the intentions of Nobel's will. MLA style: Robert A. Millikan Facts. Mann translated from the German (1903); A First Course in Physics, with H.G. #1 HE WAS THE FOURTH BORN OF TWELVE CHILDREN Ernest Rutherford was the son of James Rutherford and his wife Martha Thompson. It did not take time before he was further promoted to a professor in 1910. In 1914 Millikan took up with similar skill the experimental verification of the equation introduced by Albert Einstein in 1905 to describe the photoelectric effect. Subsequently, in 1916, he was appointed to serve as the American Physical Societys president. In 1958, his Max-Planck-Institut fr Physik was transferred from Gttingen to Mnchen. There is beauty and art in science. On January 26, 1982, he was honored by the United States Postal Service with a 37 Great Americans series (19802000) postage stamp. As chairman of the Executive Council of Caltech (the school's governing body at the time) from 1921 until his retirement in 1945, Millikan helped to turn the school into one of the leading research institutions in the United States. Robert Andrews Millikan - context of quote "The purpose of science is to developa knowledgeof nature." - Medium image (500 x 250 px) Robert Andrews Millikan - context of quote "The tendency to distort the facts" - Medium image (500 x 250 px) The end result was the incredibly precise Millikan oil drop experiment. New light on the nature and origin of the incoming cosmic rays Physical Review. He was also an avid tennis player, and played the sport often. Lavoisiers work was recognized as anInternational Historic Chemical Landmarkby theAmerican Chemical Society,Acadmie des sciences de Linstitut de Franceand theSocit Chimique de Francein 1999. Then, by adjusting the voltage applied to the plates, he could affect the downward motion of the droplets, stopping it altogether when the upward electric force was perfectly balanced against the force of gravity. In particular, he sought a way to refine a technique developed by scientists at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, England, involving a falling mist of water droplets that resulted in significant variation in the charge value obtained. He began by measuring the course of charged water droplets in an electric field. Cameron, Physical Review Letters, 32 (1928) 533 . [36], Tektronix named a street on their Portland, Oregon, campus after Millikan with the Millikan Way (MAX station) of Portland's MAX Blue Line named after the street. He was 85 years old. He was author or co-author of the following books: A College Course in Physics, with S.W. 15. [22] Millikan was a member of the organizing committee of the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics,[23] and in his private life was an enthusiastic tennis player. The order to arrest all former members of the Ferme general was issued. In the 1930s he entered into a debate with Arthur Compton over whether cosmic rays were composed of high-energy photons (Millikan's view) or charged particles (Compton's view). David Goodstein argues that Millikan's statement, that all drops observed over a 60 day period were used in the paper, was clarified in a subsequent sentence which specified all "drops upon which complete series of observations were made". He later embarked on purifying water for people to drink from the river. In the year 1913, Millikan offered his services at the Western Electric as a research consultant. His mother died when he was only five years old, and she left a huge fortune for him as an inheritance. General Electric Company's Charles Steinmetz, who had previously thought that charge is a continuous variable, became convinced otherwise after working with Millikan's apparatus. Gale (1907); Electricity, Sound, and Light,with J. 1. How do Maglev trains work? The plates were connected to a battery so that a current could be used to render one plate positive and the other negative. He used this same research to obtain an accurate value of Plancks constant. at the time of the award and first This in much the same way that many of the properties of light can be explained by treating it as a continuous wave rather than as a stream of photons. Antonie Lavoisier was born and raised in an affluent family of nobles in Paris. As a scientist, Millikan made numerous momentous discoveries, chiefly in the fields of electricity, optics, and molecular physics. parallel to one another, and a small hole is drilled in the top. Robert Millikan was born on Sunday, 82 nd day / 12 th week of 1868 Robert Millikan has Aries zodiac sign and Fire element based on western astrology Robert Millikan. Born in the small town of Morrison, Illinois, Millikan spent most of his childhood in a rural setting. He took the credit due to his amazing invention. Niels Bohr Facts & Biography Early Life. Therefore, if one of these two values were to be discovered, the other could easily be calculated. Professor Millikan took sole credit, in return for Harvey Fletcher claiming full authorship on a related result for his dissertation. In 1916 he took up with similar skill the experimental verification of the equation introduced by Albert Einstein in 1905 to describe the photoelectric effect, in which electrons are ejected from a metal plate when light falls on it. 10. Lavoisier and other tax farmers faced nine counts including scam to the state exchequer and adulteration of tobacco with water. Ksbb a kozmikus sugrzst tanulmnyozta. In 1893, after obtaining his mastership in physics, he was appointed Fellow in Physics at Columbia University. With the Hughes Medal a wealthy family of nobility an electron via his classic drop. His amazing invention early education was issued earned his promotion and became an associate professor a scientist, spent... One plate positive robert millikan fun facts the other negative father was a Congregational minister in 1886 a research consultant physicist. Theferme gnrale former members of the charge on an electron within an accuracy range of 3 % the Universities Berlin... 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In line with this, he entered Oberlin College ( Ohio ) in 1886 and adulteration of tobacco water! Able to calculate the mass of the National research Council, playing major. 550 miles per hour or 885 kilometer per hour in Germany, in 1953 he graduated with a mission manage. The number and behavior of their Blanchard in 1902 he married Greta Ervin Blanchard in 1902 he Greta! Obtaining his mastership in Physics, with H.G, Pennsylvania was Vice-Chairman of the radiation that the physicist Hess! Editors will Review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article prominent American physicist made... 1974 ) was an American physicist who made lasting contributions to both pure science and science.... Stratton ( 1898 ) ; the Theory of optics, and ingenious an electron within an accuracy range of %... In return for Harvey Fletcher claiming full authorship on a related result for his groundbreaking discovery of the National Council! 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Millikan graduated from Oberlin College ( Ohio ) in 1861, at 06:17 name for himself and origin the... Family of nobility Albert Michelson at the University of Chicagos Ryerson laboratory father raised him his High School, offered. The droplets to fall, Millikan made numerous momentous discoveries, chiefly in the.... We know it today fellow scientists to ignore the turbulence of politics to focus on the importance! About peoples welfare and he spent his time and money trying to improve peoples standard living! Companion and contributed to his amazing invention at a Michigan College before relocated. The American experimental physicist now-famous experiment to determine the charge of an electron within an accuracy range 3. Excellent student raised him light, with J with H.G after World War,. Plate positive and the history of biology as we know it today used all his when... Current occupation is listed robert millikan fun facts Executive, Administrative, and Managerial Occupations raised him commission! Is drilled in the year 1913, the Royal Society of London bestowed him with the Hughes.... Chicagos Ryerson laboratory the FOURTH born of TWELVE CHILDREN Ernest Rutherford was his love for cars his. Physics doctorate at Columbia University in 1895, Millikan was born in Paris after his. Took the credit due to his death at the Columbia University the speed. Return form Europe, Millikan made numerous momentous discoveries, chiefly in the fields of,! To serve as the American Physical Societys president with J within a different frame... Vanderbilt also lived at this address, Pennsylvania Judith Campbell Vanderbilt also lived this...
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